Question

Write short notes on the following:

(a) Measures to stop exhaust gas leakage in the engine room. (8)

(b) Measures to stop oil leakages in the engine room. (8)

Answer 1

Part (a)

Ensure that all exhaust manifolds and pipes are properly sealed to prevent gas leakage. The exhaust outlet should be fully enclosed and directed to the funnel, minimising any escape of exhaust gases into the engine room.
Flexible expansion bellows should be fitted to accommodate thermal expansion in the exhaust system. These bellows prevent cracks and leaks that could arise from the expansion and contraction of exhaust pipes due to temperature changes.
Each exhaust pipe from the engine, boiler, and incinerator has a drain. This is to remove water/condensate, preventing corrosion that could lead to exhaust leaks.
Use adequate supports, such as frames and bars, to minimise vibrations in the exhaust system. Reducing vibrations helps to maintain the integrity of the exhaust pipes and connections, preventing leaks.
Special gaskets designed for high temperatures are used in all joints to minimise the chance of failure

Part (b)

Gaskets specific to the temperature and pressure of the fuel oil lines are used
Ensure that all oil pipes and valves are properly sheathed to contain any potential leaks. This sheathing helps to prevent the spread of oil in the event of a leak, reducing the risk of fire
Oil pumps, heaters, and other equipment within the oil lines are located in save-all trays to capture any spills.
Correct operation of valves and pumps minimises the risk of leakage during fuel oil transfers.
Overflow alarms in the fuel oil lines provide an early warning of overflow or leaks
The sounding pipes of tanks are properly closed, and their self-closing mechanisms are checked for efficient operation.
Tank levels are closely monitored during fuel oil transfers to prevent overfilling and potential spills.

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