Q6 (10 Marks) Ship Resistance & Propulsion
SC&S • Written Exam

The following data applies to a ship operating on a particular voyage with a propeller of 6m diameter having a pitch ratio of 0.95.

Propeller speed = 1.8rev/sec

Real slip = 34%

Apparent slip = 7%

shaft power = 10000 kw

Specitic fuel consumption = 0.22 kg/kw hr

Caculate each of the tollowin:

(a) The ship speed in knots (3)

(b) The Taylor wake fraction (4)

(c) The reduced speed at which the ship should travel in order to halve the voyage consumption (2)

(d) The voyage consumption if the vovage takes 3 days longer at the reduced speed (4)

(e) The amount of fuel required for the voyage at the reduced speed (3)

Appeared In: Jun 2019

Verified Model Answer (Text Solution)

Structured for DG Shipping MEO Class II examination scoring criteria.

Exam Ready

Given: propeller diameter D = 6 m, pitch ratio = 0.95, so pitch P = 0.95 x 6 = 5.7 m.

Propeller speed = 1.8 rev/s.

Real slip = 34% = 0.34, Apparent slip = 7% = 0.07.

Shaft power = 10000 kW, SFC = 0.22 kg/kW-hr.

Part (a)

Ship speed in knots.

Pitch speed (theoretical speed of advance) = P x rev/s = 5.7 x 1.8 = 10.26 m/s.

Apparent slip = (Pitch speed - V)/Pitch speed, where V is the ship speed.

So V = Pitch speed x (1 - apparent slip) = 10.26 x (1 - 0.07) = 10.26 x 0.93 = 9.542 m/s.

Ship speed in knots = 9.542 x 3600/1852 = 34351/1852 = 18.55 knots.

Answer: Ship speed = 18.55 knots.

Part (b)

Taylor wake fraction.

Real slip = (Pitch speed - Va)/Pitch speed, where Va is the speed of advance.

Va = Pitch speed x (1 - real slip) = 10.26 x (1 - 0.34) = 10.26 x 0.66 = 6.772 m/s.

Taylor wake fraction w = (V - Va)/V = (9.542 - 6.772)/9.542 = 2.770/9.542 = 0.2903.

Answer: Taylor wake fraction = 0.290 (29%).

Part (c)

Reduced speed to halve the voyage consumption.

Consumption varies as the cube of speed. To halve the consumption, the speed must be reduced by the cube root of 0.5.

Reduced speed = V x (0.5)^(1/3) = 18.55 x 0.7937 = 14.72 knots.

Answer: Reduced speed = 14.72 knots.

Part (d)

Voyage consumption if the voyage takes 3 days longer at reduced speed.

At normal speed 18.55 knots, the daily consumption = shaft power x 24 x SFC = 10000 x 24 x 0.22 = 52800 kg/day = 52.8 tonne/day.

At reduced speed, consumption per day = 52.8 x (0.5) = 26.4 tonne/day (since speed cubed halved).

Let the normal voyage time be T days. Distance = 18.55 x 24 x T (nautical miles).

At reduced speed 14.72 knots, the time taken = Distance/(14.72 x 24) = (18.55 x 24 x T)/(14.72 x 24) = 18.55/14.72 x T = 1.2602 T days.

The voyage takes 3 days longer, so 1.2602 T = T + 3, giving 0.2602 T = 3, T = 11.53 days.

Voyage consumption at reduced speed = 26.4 x 1.2602 x 11.53 = 26.4 x 14.53 = 383.6 tonne.

Answer: Voyage consumption at reduced speed = 383.6 tonne.

Part (e)

Amount of fuel required for the voyage at reduced speed.

This is the same as (d), the total fuel for the voyage at reduced speed.

Answer: 383.6 tonne of fuel required for the voyage at reduced speed.

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