A vessel at LAT 10°22.0'S, LONG 7°18.0'E, heads for a destination at LAT 6°52.0'N, LONG 57°23.0'W. Determine the true course and distance by Mercator sailing.

Correct Answer: Option B — 285°T, 4025.7 miles

Mercator sailing utilizes the difference in latitude and departure to find the course and distance. Using the formulas for middle latitude or Mercator sailing, the calculated course is 285°T and the distance is 4025.7 miles, accounting for the change in latitude and longitude between the two points.