A vessel at LAT 32°14.7'N, LONG 66°28.9'W, heads for a destination at LAT 36°58.7'N, LONG 75°42.2'W. Determine the distance by Mercator sailing.

Correct Answer: Option D — 538.2 miles

Mercator sailing distance is determined using the difference in meridional parts (m) and difference in latitude/longitude through parallel and right triangle relationships as detailed in Bowditch, yielding the exact rhumb line distance of 538.2 miles.