Bilges may be pumped __________.

Correct Answer: Option C — overboard through an oily-water separator

33 CFR 155.350 and 155.360 require that oily bilge water be processed through an approved Oily Water Separator (OWS) equipped with a 15-ppm alarm. Discharging untreated bilge water directly overboard is a severe violation of MARPOL Annex I and U.S. federal law, regardless of the vessel's operational status.