In accordance with domestic regulations, which of the following statements is true regarding U.S. flag vessel response plans for the carriage of oil?

Correct Answer: Option C — A shipboard oil pollution emergency response plan which includes, but is not limited to, shipboard spill mitigation procedures must be submitted to, and approved by, the United States Coast Guard by the vessel operating company prior to the vessel engaging in trade.

33 CFR 155 requires U.S. flag vessels carrying oil to have a USCG-approved Vessel Response Plan (VRP). This plan outlines specific procedures for spill mitigation and emergency response. It must be submitted and approved by the Coast Guard before the vessel is authorized to engage in commercial trade.