In the absence of external forces, adding weight on one side of a floating vessel causes the vessel to __________.

Correct Answer: Option B — list until the center of buoyancy is aligned vertically with the center of gravity

When weight is shifted transversely, the vessel inclines until the center of gravity (G) and center of buoyancy (B) are once again vertically aligned in the same plane, restoring static equilibrium under the influence of gravity.