The improper stowage of cargo has caused vessels to have a negative GM. How will a ship in this condition handle in the seaway?

Correct Answer: Option C — the vessel will have a list that may vary from port to starboard

A vessel with negative GM is in a state of unstable equilibrium. It will not remain upright and will develop an angle of loll. Because the center of gravity is above the metacenter, the ship will flop to one side or the other, often varying as external forces shift the center of gravity.