There is always a lower water pressure at the fire hose outlet than is found at the discharge of the pump. Which of the following reasons is the common cause of this loss in pressure?

Correct Answer: Option A — Friction in the piping and valves

Fluid friction against pipe walls, fittings, and valves causes a pressure drop known as head loss. As water travels from the pump discharge through the fire main system, energy is dissipated as heat, resulting in lower pressure at the hydrant compared to the pump discharge gauge.