U.S. regulations require that no person may transfer oil to or from a vessel unless which of the following criteria are met?

Correct Answer: Option B — all necessary components of the transfer system are lined up before the transfer begins

Pursuant to 33 CFR 156.120, oil transfer operations cannot commence unless all necessary valves, lines, and safety components of the transfer system are correctly aligned and secured to establish a verified, closed system before any product begins to flow.