You observe the lower limb of the Sun at a sextant altitude (hs) of 45°49.7' on 13 November . The index error is 1.0' on the arc. The height of eye is 61 feet (18.6 meters). What is the observed altitude (Ho)?

Correct Answer: Option A — 45°56.4'

Apply index error (on the arc is subtractive), dip, and refraction to hs. Add the Sun's semi-diameter from the Nautical Almanac for the lower limb. The resulting Ho of 45°56.4' follows the standard reduction sequence outlined in Bowditch for solar observations to ensure accurate celestial positioning.