Your vessel has been taking on water but now the breached hole has been repaired. Which effects can the flooding have on your vessel's GM?

Correct Answer: Option C — flooding can either increase or decrease GM

Flooding affects GM through added weight and free surface effects. Adding water below the baseline lowers KG, which can increase transverse stability (GM). However, if the water accumulates higher in the hull or creates a large free surface effect, GM will decrease, making the overall effect dependent on compartment geometry and location.