Which of the following statements is true concerning the overboard discharge of vessel sewage at sea? -

Correct Answer: Option D — All of the above

MARPOL Annex IV regulations dictate sewage discharge requirements based on distance from land and treatment status. Vessels must utilize an approved Marine Sanitation Device (MSD). Compliance requires adherence to specific distance-from-shore limitations for untreated, comminuted, or disinfected sewage, ensuring environmental protection standards are maintained throughout international and territorial waters.