Which saltwater-cooled heat exchanger arrangement and location would be the LEAST likely to become air-bound on the seawater side?

Correct Answer: Option A — Vertically arranged cooler located below the water line.

A vertical cooler located below the waterline benefits from a constant positive hydrostatic head. This configuration ensures the shell remains completely filled with seawater, effectively purging air through the top vent. This arrangement minimizes the risk of air pockets and ensures consistent, reliable cooling performance during operation.