IMO introduced the ISPS code and made it mandatory in:
Direct Answer
Option A: July 2004
The International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code was developed by the IMO in response to the 9/11 attacks. It became mandatory on 1 July 2004 as an amendment to SOLAS Chapter XI-2, signifying a global commitment to enhanced maritime security.
All Options
Detailed Explanation & Context
The International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code was developed by the IMO in response to the 9/11 attacks. It became mandatory on 1 July 2004 as an amendment to SOLAS Chapter XI-2, signifying a global commitment to enhanced maritime security.
Relevant Framework: STCW 2010 Manila Amendments • DG Shipping E-Learning & Exit Exam Standards • Security Training for Seafarers with Designated Security Duties (STSDSD).
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