_____________ is the process occurring within the impeller of a pump when pressure at the inlet to the impeller falls below the vapour pressure of the liquid being pumped.
Direct Answer
Option C: Cavitation
Cavitation occurs when local static pressure drops below the liquid's vapour pressure, causing rapid bubble formation and collapse. This phenomenon damages pump impellers and reduces efficiency. IGF Code operational standards mandate maintaining adequate Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) to prevent this destructive process during fuel transfer operations.
All Options
Detailed Explanation & Context
Cavitation occurs when local static pressure drops below the liquid's vapour pressure, causing rapid bubble formation and collapse. This phenomenon damages pump impellers and reduces efficiency. IGF Code operational standards mandate maintaining adequate Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) to prevent this destructive process during fuel transfer operations.
Relevant Framework: STCW 2010 Manila Amendments • DG Shipping E-Learning & Exit Exam Standards • Basic Training for Ships subject to the IGF Code (BIGF).
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